Persian Lesson 03 - Compound Verbs

City of Firuzabad (Gur), Iran,
 founded by Ardashir I

خوش آمدید . Like I said in lesson 2 we will now learn about compound verbs, the vast majority of which are constructed using کردن , like in کار کردن which means to work.
The Simple Present Tense for this verb ( کردن  = to do/create ) is created by deleting the ن , just like in the case of simple verbs. So we will have:

من کار کردم

تو کارکردی

او کار کرد

ما کار کردیم

شما کار کردید

انها کار کردند

As you see only کردن accepts suffixes, other examples:

to call (phone call, phone +to do)	تلفن کردن
to heal (good + to do)	خوب کردن
to cool (cold + to do)	سرد کردن

What you should do now is repeat what I did earlier but with this verbs instead. Try to make sentences after. Here are some more words:

friend = دوست

mother = مدر

father = پدر

sister =خواهر

brother =برادر

sick = بیمار

fruit = میوه

As a bonus I will show you how to say my (something), your (something), etc.
My mother for example will be either مادر من (mader-e-man) or مادرم (maderam).
Your father would be  پدرت  .
His/her brother  برادرش.
I will stop here, no use to go into plurals now. Notice the "e" pronounced but not written when saying "mader-e-man", that is the ezafe, we will talk more about that in another lesson.

With what I showed you previously you can now write phrases like:

او برادرم خوب کرد - He healed my brother.

After you practice this It's time for some more compound verbs.

شدن means "to become". So we can create verbs that have this "becoming" meaning. For example:

to grow up (big + to become)	بزرگ شدن
to get old (old + to become)	پیر شدن
fall in love (love + to become)	عاشق شدن

The last verbs for now are created using دادن which means "to give".

to pay (money + to give)	پول دادن
to kiss(kiss + to give)	بوس دادن
to answer (answer + to give)	جواب دادن

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